John Harcus and Selina Patrick

Gillingham Parish Church (St Mary Magdalen)
cc-by-sa/2.0 - © N Chadwick - geograph.org.uk/p/1146460

John Harcus (bap. 15 Jul 1821 at St Mary's, Chatham), son of George Frederick Harcus, Gunner RN, and Martha Buckledee, married Selina Patrick (bap. 26 Oct 1823 at St Mary's, Chatham), daughter of Richard Patrick and Mary Ann Davidson, at Gillingham, St Mary Magdalene on 7 Apr 1844.

John and Selina had six children:

1. Richard John Harcus b. 1845 S Quarter in MEDWAY Volume 05 Page 354, bap. 20 Jul 1845 at St Mary's Church, Chatham 
2. Henry George Harcus b. 1848 S Quarter in MEDWAY Volume 05 Page 398, bap. 15 Oct 1848 at St Mary's Church, Chatham
3. Selina Mary Ann Harcus b. 1850 M Quarter in MEDWAY Volume 05 Page 414, bap. 10 Mar 1850 at St Mary's Church, Chatham
4. Alice Martha Harcus b. 1858 J Quarter in MEDWAY Volume 02A Page 323, bap. 30 May 1858 at St Mary's Church, Chatham, died aged 1 and was buried in the Former St Mary's Burial Ground.
5. John Edward Harcus b. 1860 J Qtr in MEDWAY Vol 02A Page 340
6. George Frederick Harcus b. 1863 M Quarter in MEDWAY Volume 02A Page 418 (reads John Edward, but can't tell where the error occurred.)

In 1851, John Harcus (29) Tailor, Selina Harcus (26), Richard Harcus (5), Henry Harcus (2) and Selina Harcus (1) lived in Whittaker Place, Chatham. Visiting them were Isabella Tennis (29) Seaman's wife and her daughter, Martha Tennis (5). As these are visitors, there's always a chance that they are family, however, there are no other records under the surname 'Tennis', which I think may be a transcription error, but the writing is difficult to discern.

In 1858, in Melvilles Directory, is listed as, "Harcus John, tailor, and Alma beerhouse and concert hall, High street" (Alma, 157 High Street, Chatham).

In 1861, John Harcus (37) Inn Keeper, was at the Red Lion, 110, High Street, Chatham (images), wife Selina (37), Henry (12), Selina (11), John (1), William Holding (21) Innkeeper Assistant and Jane Hills (17) Domestic Servant.

This report is from the Maidstone Telegraph, Rochester and Chatham Gazette, 26 October 1861: Robbery of a Publican. Helen Reed, 23, was on Monday charged on remand, before the county magistrates, with having stolen half a pint of brandy, from the spirit bar of the "Red Lion" public house, Military Road, Chatham, where she was servant. The spirit was accidentally discovered hidden away, by Mrs. Harcus, the landlady, and on the prisoner being taxed with the robbery, she at once confessed that she had taken the brandy. The magistrates committed her for 3 months' hard labour.

John Harcus died on 9 Jul 1868, at 47 (1868 S Quarter in MEDWAY Volume 02A Page 292) and buried in the Former St Mary's Burial Ground, now Town Hall Gardens. (The tombstone was amongst those removed from the Gardens and reinterred, on 5 Aug 1971, in the Borough Cemetery in Maidstone Road Chatham Section.) Probate was granted on 8 May 1869: "The Will of John Harcus late of the "Chest Arms" High Street Chatham in the County of Kent Victualler deceased who died 9 Jul 1868 at the "Chest Arms" aforesaid was proved at the Principal Registry by the oath of Selina Harcus of the "Chest Arms" aforesaid Widow the Relict the sole Executrix".

In 1871, Selina Harcus (47) Licensed Victualler was at the Chest Arms, 55 High Street, Chatham, George (7), daughter Selina Caddy (21), Henry Caddy (24) Shipwright; Lydia Emill (16) and lodgers: William Smith (40) Pensioner from Cork and George Atts (31) Photographer from Germany.

Kellys Directory places Selina Harcus at the Chest Arms in 1874, then from From the Rochester and Chatham Journal and Mid-Kent Advertiser, Saturday, September 2, 1876: "Miscellaneous. The magistrates hear adjourned for some time to take of luncheon. On business being resumed the following persons, who had been convicted of various offences during the year, and his cases had been deferred in consequence, apply for the renewal of their licences. vis. Mrs. Harcus, "Chest Arms," Chatham ..." No idea what the offence was.

In 1881, son John Edward Harcus was the Licensed Victualler at the Dartmouth Arms, 257 High Street, Chatham (image), with widowed mother, Selina Harcus (56), Henrietta Golding (18) Domestic Servant, brother George Frederick (18) Mariner and Mary Ann Drago (23) Visitor, listed as wife of Wm Drago. (William Drago, Shipwright, had married Mary Ann Tester in 1876. One of the witnesses to this marriage was George Vokes, who had also been a witnesses for Henry George Harcus and Susan Alice Tubb in 1872.)

Now reinterred, on 5th August 1971, in the Borough Cemetery in Maidstone Road

Son Henry George Harcus died at 39, in 1887, then son John Edward Harcus died two years later on 12 Jun 1889, at 29 and was also buried at the Former St Mary's Burial Ground, now Town Hall Gardens, on 16 Jun 1889.

In 1891, Selina Harcus (66) widow, was Living on her own means at Pleasant Row, St Margaret, Medway, Kent.

In 1901, Selina Harcus (78) was living in the household of her youngest son, George F Harcus (37) Barge Captain at 18, Cecil Avenue, Strood, Kent, with Charlotte Harcus (34), Richard Harcus (13) and Nellie Harcus (12).

Selina Harcus died, aged 81, at Coburg House, Cliffe Rd, Strood and was buried on 28 May 1904 (1904 J Quarter in STROOD Volume 02A Page 339) at Strood Cemetery, Section K Grave No. 3 (C). 

St Nicholas with St Mary Church, Strood
cc-by-sa/2.0 - © Marathon - geograph.org.uk/p/3568896

George Frederick Harcus (b. 1863), youngest son of John Harcus and Selina Patrick, married Charlotte Cooper (bap. 25 Aug 1867 at St Nicholas Church, Strood), daughter of Henry Cooper and Mary Ann Willan, at St Peter’s Church (now demolished), Rochester, Kent in 1884.

George and Charlotte appear to have two children:

1. Richard John Harcus b. 1888 M Quarter in STROOD Volume 02A Page 555, bap. 27 Apr 1888 at St Nicholas Church, Strood
2. Nelly May Harcus b. 9 Aug 1889 in STROOD Volume 02A Page 545

None of them can be found on the 1891 census, anywhere.

In 1901, George F Harcus (37) Barge Captain was living at 18, Cecil Avenue, Strood Intra, Strood, Kent with Charlotte Harcus (34), Richard Harcus (13), Nellie Harcus (12) and George's widowed mother, Selina Harcus (78).

In 1911, George Harcus (47) Waterman barge captain, Charlotte Harcus (43) and Nellie Harcus (22), lived at 67 Kitchener Road Strood Rochester. 

George Frederick Harcus died, aged 69, on 31 Mar 1932 and was buried at Strood Cemetery in Section K Grave No. 3 (C), where his mother was buried. 

Charlotte Harcus died, on 10 Mar 1939, she will have been 71, at 67 Kitchener Rd, Strood and was buried on 16 Mar 1939, in the same plot with her husband. Probate was granted on 9 Jun 1939 to Nellie May Slater.

• Richard J Harcus married Elizabeth R Andrews, in Strood in the 4th quarter of 1917. There is a Richard John Harcus (b. 1888) in St Olave, Bermondsey, London in 1921, but with no Elizabeth in the household. Richard John Harcus died, aged 72, in 1960. 
• Nellie M Harcus married Ernest J Slater in Strood in the 3rd quarter of 1923. In 1939, Ernest J Slater (b. 5 Jul 1885) Gentleman's hairdresser, and Nellie M Slater were still living at 67 Kitchener Road, Rochester. Nellie May Slater died in 1979, aged 90.

Adolphe Jacques Froissant & Emma Jane Rundle Trevail

St George's Church, Hanover Square, London W1
cc-by-sa/2.0 - © John Salmon - geograph.org.uk/p/1533353

Adolphe Jacques Froissant (b. 8 Feb 1844 in Binas, Loir-et-Cher, France), Bachelor, Cook of Belgrave Square, London, son of Pierre Jacques Alexandre Froissant and Victoire Honorine Langer, married Emma Jane Rundle Trevail (bap. 25 Feb 1843 in Luxulyan, Cornwall), daughter of Joseph Trevail and Jane Rundle, at St George's, Hanover Square on 4 Apr 1867.

The couple had one daughter:

1. Florence Emma Froissant b. 29 Nov 1871 (Registered 1872 M Quarter in ST GEORGE HANOVER SQUARE Volume 01A Page 346), bap. 21 Jul 1875 at Christ Church, Down Street, Mayfair.

In 1881, Adolphe Froissant (37) Cook (Unemployed) from France was living at 9, Worcester Street, London with Emma J Froissant (38) Wife, Lodging House Keeper from Cornwall, England; Florence E Froissant (9) Daughter born in Pimlico; Harry Keam (17) Joiner from Cornwall; Eliza Stevens (17) General servant; Henry Griffin (24) and William E Beckett (20) Lodgers.

Adolphe Jacques Froissant of 9 Worcester Street, Pimlico died, aged 47, on 26 Dec 1890 (1890 D Quarter in WINDSOR Volume 02C Page 288). Probate was granted to Emma Froissant, to whom he left an estate valued at £426.

In 1891, still at 9, Worcester Street, St George Hanover Square, London, were Emma J Froissant (48) Widow, Landlady; Florence E Froissant (19), Harry Keam (27) Joiner, Cousin; and Sarah A Day (19) Servant.

The Herts Advertiser of 22 Oct 1892 reported on, "... the temporary transfer of the licence of the Royal Oak, Windsor Street [Luton] to Mrs Emma Froissant of London. The references proving satisfactory, the application was granted." And on 8 July 1893, the Luton Reporter listed the Royal Oak transferring from Emma Froissant to Henry Mellins Ollivant.

In 1901, listed as Emily Froissant (57) Widow from Luxulyan, Cornwall, she was living at 14, Balfern Grove, Chiswick with Florence Froissant (27) Daughter and Harry Keam (37) Carpenter and Joiner. (At that same time, Emma's sister, Dahlia Orton, was living next door at 16 Balfern Grove.)

As 'Emily' Froissant, Emma Jane Rundle Froissant died, at 66, on 16 Feb 1909 (1909 J Quarter in BRENTFORD Vol 03A Page 54). Probate was granted to her brother, Charles Trevail & brother-in-law, Charles Archer.

In 1911, Florence Froissant (claiming to be 29) Actress from Belgravia, London was Boarding at 7 William St, Leamington, Warwickshire.

In the 2nd quarter of 1911, Florence E Froissant married a Henry E Wright, in Grantham, Lincolnshire. There are no clues to Henry Wright's origins.

In 1921, there was a Florence Emma Wright (52) Widowed, from Kensington, London at a Boarding House in Great Clacton, Essex, which could relate.

There was a picture of Florence Froissant on a page of "Stage Gossip" in the Leicester Chronicle of 4 Jul 1925, which carried the following item:

Chef to a King

A passion for Paris is confessed to by Miss Florence Froissant, of the "Chuckles" company. Her father was French, and was chef to King Edward VII, after holding similar high positions in Paris, where Miss Froissant was herself trained originally as a modiste. She had the nasty experience when playing once at the Coliseum, Portsmouth, of falling down eight flights of stairs, but just managed to go on and give her act. Florence tells me that among other things she has been pianist to R. G. Knowles.

Her father was certainly French and a cook/chef. Living in Belgravia and dying in Windsor, I already felt sure he must have worked for the Royal Family or closely within their circle. However, Adolphe Froissant couldn't have worked for a king who ascended the throne in 1901, when he'd already died in 1890, but I suppose it possible he did so while Edward was still Prince of Wales. 

There are newspaper reports that confirm Florence worked with R. G. Knowles at least in 1911 and was appearing at the Empire (later Coliseum), Portsmouth in 1912. As to the rest, it's impossible to confirm or deny.

Florence Froissant, using her maiden (and professional) name, appears at theatres around the UK and Ireland through until the end of the 1920s. She appears in comedy, music hall, musical theatre, vaudeville and panto. She was appearing on South Parade Pier, Southsea, in "a lavish production in seven scenes" of Cinderella, which opened on Boxing Day 1927 and featured, a snow ballet and the parade of an "electrically illuminated crystal coach drawn by midget ponies". Florence Froissant, who played the Fairy Godmother, according to Keith Prowse featured the song Charmaine (written in 1926 and published in 1927, later made popular by The Bachelors in 1963). 

It hasn't [yet] been possible to discover what happened to her next, but I suppose her death would be registered under Florence Emma Wright, of whom there have been many, so without knowing where and what age she may have been claiming to be, impossible to isolate the relevant record.

Thomas Clark and Sarah Wilton

Part of the carriage drive in Southwark Park
cc-by-sa/2.0 - © Marathon - geograph.org.uk/p/2649163

Thomas Clark (bap. 15 Mar 1818 in Great Dunmow), son of Claudius Clark and Hannah Cornell, married Sarah Wilton (b. 1819 in Royston), daughter of Stephen Wilton and Elizabeth Hankin, on 3 Apr 1839 in Royston, Hertfordshire. Thomas, like Sarah's brothers, was a Harness Maker.

Thomas and Sarah had ten children:

1. Thomas Clark Wilton b. 1838 S Quarter in ROYSTON Vol 06 Page 528
2. Ann Clark b. 1841 J Quarter in DUNMOW UNION Vol 12 Page 72
3. Emma Clark b. 1842 D Quarter in DUNMOW UNION Vol 12 Page 69
4. Sarah Wilton Clark b. 1845 M Quarter in BRAINTREE Vol 12 Page 26
5. Alfred Clark b. 1847 M Quarter in BRAINTREE Vol 12 Page 32
6. Robert Clark b. 1849 M Quarter in SAINT GEORGE THE MARTYR SOUTHWARK Volume 04 Page 525
7. Caroline Clark b. 1851 J Quarter in CAMBERWELL Vol 04 Page 84
8. Elizabeth Clark b. 1854 M Quarter in CAMBERWELL Vol 01D Page 465 (Died at 13 in 1867 D Quarter in CAMBERWELL Vol 01D Page 413)
9. Thomas William Clark b. 1857 S Qtr in CAMBERWELL Vol 01D 433
10. Walter Edward Clark b. 1862 M Qtr in CAMBERWELL Vol 01D 514 (Died at 18 in 1880 D Quarter in CAMBERWELL Vol 01D Page 443)

In 1841, Thomas Clark (23) and Sarah Clark (22) were in Great Dunmow, with Thomas Clark [dropped the Wilton] (2) and Ann Clark (3m).

In 1851, they were at 4 South Place, Camberwell, with Thomas Clark (33) Coach Trimmer; Sarah Clark (32), Emma Clark (8), Sarah W Clark (6), Robert Clark (2), Caroline Clark (1 Mo), Ann Wilton (34) Visitor (Sarah's sister) and Stephen Wilton (3) Nephew (Ann's illegitimate son).

In 1871, in Camberwell, were Thomas Clark (53) Harness Maker, birthplace Dunmow; Sarah Clark (52), birthplace Royston; Robert Clark (22), Harness Maker, birthplace Southwark; Thomas Clark (13), Scholar, and Walter Clark (9), Scholar, birthplace Peckham. Also living with them again were Ann Wilton (54), Needlewoman, birthplace Royston, wife's sister; Stephen Wilton (23), Harness Maker, birthplace Southwark, Nephew and Martha Wilton (10), Scholar, birthplace Peckham, Niece, both Ann's illegitimate children.

Then Thomas Clark died, in Camberwell, aged 59, in 1877 D Quarter in CAMBERWELL Volume 01D Page 524.

In 1881, Sarah Clark (62), widow, was lodging in the household of her married daughter, Caroline Thornhill (30) at 57, South Street, Camberwell.

In 1891, Sarah Clark (72), widow, was employed as a General Servant Nurse in the household of Henry R Weller (29) in Kimberley Road, Lambeth.

Sarah Clark died at 84 in 1903 M Qtr in ST. PANCRAS Vol 01B Page 24.

Thomas Stone and Mary Collard

Photo © Roger Cornfoot (cc-by-sa/2.0)

St Peters Church, Clayhanger, Wednesday, 27 April, 2016

Photo available for reuse under this Creative Commons licence.

Thomas Stone (bap. 4 Jan 1824 in Langford Budville, Somerset), son of William Stone and Mary Thorne, married Mary Collard (b. ~1828 in Bampton, Devon), at Cove Chapel, Cove, Devon (between Tiverton and Bampton) on 2 Apr 1854. Unbelievably, the marriage certificate just lists Thomas Stone, of full age, single, labourer, then resident in Tiverton, with no mention of who his father was. For Mary Collard, all that's listed is her name; no age, no status, no address, no father, no clues whatsoever. They were married by J Spurway. How on earth did he perform a legal marriage with so little detail? 

Worse, the next marriage on the same record page was equally devoid of detail. And yet, The Rev. John Spurway was a prominent 19th-century Rector of the Pitt Portion at St Peter's Church in Tiverton, Devon. Cove Chapel: In 1822, the Rev. J. Spurway was heavily involved in the local parish records and church development, overseeing the district that later became its own ecclesiastical parish. Cove Chapel (later St. John the Baptist) served the area, and Spurway had land ownership in the greater Tiverton/Halberton area. The only irregularity, that I know of, is that the couple had clearly already been in a relationship and living together as man and wife for at least four years. They already had two children, with a third imminently on the way. Perhaps, the Rev. Spurway was known locally as an "ask no questions" kind of guy.

Witnesses to the marriage were George Cornwall (who made his mark with an X) and an H Newton. Newton also witnessed the next marriage, in late May, so could have been a bloke who hung around churches witnessing marriages for a small consideration. Could have been. It all seems most strange.

Thomas's aunt, Elizabeth Stone, had married in this Chapel in 1827. At that date it was clear that the marriage must have taken place in the old Cove Chapel, said to be Medieval and also said to have dated from 1544, which is Tudor and reading between the lines, I think this infers that a Tudor version had been built over the site of a previous Medieval one already. 

White's Devonshire Directory of 1850 says, "Cove Chapel, in Pitt quarter, is an old dilapidated building, but it is in contemplation to rebuild it." In 1854, it is unclear if it will still have been the old Medieval/Tudor Chapel, or in it's replacement. Heritage Gateway lists, "Chapel of St John the Baptist, Cove (Correspondence). SDV354721. Chapel. 1854-5 by Edward Ashworth of Exeter." That would appear to be the date the new one was designed. Most sources suggest the new chapel was built in 1856 [1, 2, 3]. The old chapel was said to be demolished 'in the 1850s', but there is no clear date. 

An Act for legalizing certain Marriages solemnized in Cove (PDF) dated 13 Mar 1873, explains that, "in or about the year one thousand eight hundred and fifty-six the ancient consecrated chapel called Cove Chapel, situate in Pitt Portion in the parish of Tiverton in the county of Devon [...] was wholly taken down, in consequence of its dilapidated condition, and rebuilt on different site within the ancient chapel yard belonging thereto, but such new chapel was not consecrated or licensed for the solemnization of marriages ..." Basically, after the new chapel was built, somebody forgot to consecrate it, so Queen Victoria had to legislate to back-date the legalisation of those marriages.

In conclusion, I think the clue is that the new chapel was apparently built in a slightly different location on the plot than the older one, so the demolition was not necessarily done first. My feeling is that Thomas Stone and Mary Collard therefore married in the older, Tudor, chapel. Theirs may well have been one of the last marriages in that building. Maybe they were having a closing down sale, with money off for keeping details to a minimum!

The 'new' chapel was later deconsecrated and is now a private residence.

The bad news: we still have absolutely no idea who Mary Collard was.

This couple eventually had ten children:

1. Mary Jane Stone bap. 2 Jun 1850 at St Mary the Virgin, Burlescombe. I could find no GRO birth registration (under either surname), but she was baptised 'as if' she were legitimate, i.e. her parents lied in a church. :) On Mary Jane's baptism, her father was described as a Husbandman and the family's address was given as "at Amory's, Westcott." [1]
2. Elizabeth Collard b. 23 May 1852 at Clayhanger, Devon was registered at the GRO (1852 S Quarter in TIVERTON Volume 05B Page 389) as the (illegitimate) daughter of Mary Collard, with no father listed. Nevertheless, she was baptised at St Peter, Clayhanger, Devon, on 4 Jul 1852, as Elizabeth Stone, once more 'as if' she were legitimate. Their address was simply 'Clayhanger' and her father listed as a Labourer.
3. William Collard Stone bap. 4 Jun 1854 at St Michael's, Stawley [2]
4. Emily Stone bap. 11 Jun 1856 at All Saints', Holcombe Rogus
5. Thomas Henry Stone bap. 22 May 1858 at All Saints', Holcombe Rogus
6. Benjamin Stone bap. 25 Nov 1860 at All Saints', Holcombe Rogus
7. Samuel John Stone bap. 10 May 1863 at All Saints', Holcombe Rogus
8. Ellen Rebekah Stone (sic) b. 12 Jan 1865, bap. 5 Feb 1865 at All Saints', Holcombe Rogus [3]
9. Caroline Ann Stone b. 7 Oct 1867, bap. 3 Nov 1867 at St Mary the Virgin, Burlescombe [3]
10. Eliza Stone, b. 12 Mar 1870 at Locks Cottage, Holcombe Rogus (1870 J Quarter in WELLINGTON SOMERSET AND DEVON Volume 05C Page 396), with her mother's maiden name listed as COLLARD; father Thomas Stone, Quarryman, bap. 10 Apr 1870 at All Saints', Holcombe Rogus.

Interesting that they suddenly registered the last child, because Thomas' brother, Henry Stone's youngest is also the only one they registered at the GRO in 1872. In 1870, the civil registration of births in England and Wales was technically required by law, but not actively penalized until the Births and Deaths Registration Act of 1874 made it strictly compulsory in 1875. Perhaps there had been warnings of what was coming around that time.

[1] Amory's Tenement is an agricultural property in the hamlet of Westcott, in the parish of Burlescombe, Devon. The property has roots tracing back to the 17th century. A counterpart lease dating to June 8, 1688, lists Thomas Amory (yeoman) as the tenant under Sir Edward Wyndham of Somerset.

[2] The very next baptism after William Collard Stone's is of Laura Churly, eldest child of George Churly and Mary Ann Stone, Thomas' half-sister.

Photo © David Smith (cc-by-sa/2.0)

Webber's Church of England School, Holcombe Rogus, Wednesday, 31 August, 2016

Photo available for reuse under this Creative Commons licence.

[3] Dates of birth for Ellen Rebecca and Caroline Ann are from the records of their admissions, in 1876 and 1878 respectively, to Holcombe Rogus (Webber's) School (Webber's Church of England Primary School), a co-educational primary school located on Fore Street in the village of Holcombe Rogus, Wellington, Somerset. This school, endowed by a Mrs Webber of Bampton in 1823, is an important component in the centre of the village. Eliza Stone was also registered in 1876, and all list their father as Thomas Stone.

On William Collard, Emily and Thomas Henry's baptisms, their father was listed as a Labourer, but on Benjamin's, as a Quarryman. On Samuel John's and Ellen Rebekah's baptisms it was once again Labourer. In earlier years, Thomas had certainly been an Agricultural Labourer, but later, maybe he'd been a Labourer in a quarry. Equally, he could have swapped back to agriculture as jobs, such as farm servants & labourers, were live-in roles, and workers were hired on fixed six-month or annual verbal contracts. On Caroline Ann's and Eliza's baptisms, he was back to being a Quarryman.

During the 19th century, quarrying in Holcombe Rogus was dominated by limestone extraction for agricultural lime, building stone, and railway ballast. These sites — notably Barge and Perry quarries — were interconnected with the nearby Grand Western Canal via tramways and tunnels. What is now the massive Westleigh Quarry (stretching across the border into Burlescombe) was made up of several smaller 19th-century operations like Furlong, Sparkes Hill, and Pitcher Kiln quarries. These small entities were later consolidated. Eric G Rodwell's history of Tracebridge, Stawley (PDF), has a tremendous map that shows the relative positions of many of the villages and hamlets, as well as the route of the canal and the various quarries in the area.

In 1851, Thomas Stone (~25) Ag Lab from Langford [Budville], Somerset; with Mary Stone (24) 'Wife' from Bampton, Devon and Mary J Stone (0) born in Burlescombe, Devon, were living in Westleigh, Burlescombe, Devon.

In 1861, living in Road Longwood [Longwood Lane], Holcombe Rogus, were Thomas Stone (~39) Stone Quarrier from Langford Budville, Somerset; Mary Stone (33) Wife [this time she was] from Bampton, Devon; Mary J Stone (10) from Burlescombe; Elizabeth Stone (9) from Tiverton [Clayhanger, which is near Bampton, is within Tiverton District]; William C Stone (7) from Stawley, Somerset; Emily Stone (4), Thomas H Stone (2) and Benjamin Stone (5mts). Boarding with them was Thomas Needs (82) Widower, Ag Lab.

Photo © Roger Cornfoot (cc-by-sa/2.0)

Locks Cottage, on the Grand Western Canal, near Burnhill Farm, Holcombe Rogus

The remains of Lowdwells Lock in the foreground, this is now where the canal terminates. For more on this area, read Walking the Grand Western Canal

Photo available for reuse under this Creative Commons licence.

In 1871, living at Burnhill, Holcombe Rogus (which means almost certainly at Locks Cottage, since Eliza was born there the previous year) were Thomas Stone (48) Quarryman from Langford Budville, Somerset; Mary Stone (44) from Bampton, Devon; with Thomas Stone (13) Ag Lab; Samuel J Stone (8), Ellen R Stone (6), Caroline A Stone (3) and Eliza Stone (1).

Elizabeth Stone, servant, aged 23, died on 28 Oct 1875 at Burnhill, Holcombe Rogus. Her cause of death was Parturition (childbirth) Metritis (also known as childbed fever). Metritis is an acute, potentially life-threatening bacterial infection and inflammation of the entire uterus that typically occurs within the first 1 to 3 weeks postpartum. It is caused by an ascending bacterial infection (often E. coli or other polymicrobial flora) when the cervix remains open following parturition, an abortion, or obstetric manipulation. Risk factors include retained fetal membranes, dystocia (difficult labor), and unhygienic conditions. I'm including this information, because this has probably been the cause of death for so many women and, of course, in the days before antibiotics, the resulting sepsis undoubtedly did prove fatal. Clearly, Elizabeth had been pregnant with an illegitimate child, but I can find no corresponding record of a birth, baptism nor death, so I'm guessing the child was stillborn.

In 1881, living at Locks Cottage, Holcombe Rogus, Devon, were Thomas Stone (57), Quarryman from Langford [Budville], Somerset; Mary Stone (53) from Bampton, Devon; Benjamin Stone (20) Quarryman and Eliza Stone (11).

Thomas Stone (64) Quarryman died on 10 Aug 1888 (1888 S Quarter in WELLINGTON SOMERSET AND DEVON Volume 05C Page 187) at Locks Cottage, Holcombe Rogus, from Chronic Hepatitis and Hydrothorax. (Hepatic hydrothorax is the build-up of fluid in the chest cavity that affects people with cirrhosis and other serious liver issues.) Under the informant was 'The mark of Mary Stone, Widow of the deceased, present at the death'. Thomas Stone was buried on 19 Aug 1888 at All Saints Church, Holcombe Rogus.

Mary Stone (née Collard) (62), Widow of Thomas Stone, Quarryman, died on 4 Sep 1890 in Llangibby (Llangybi, Monmouthshire, Wales) from Fatty disease of the heart, dropsy (oedema) and congestion of the lungs. The informant listed on her death certificate was E R Stone [Ellen Rebecca], daughter, present at the death. Mary Stone of Llangibby, Monmouthshire, was buried back at All Saints Church, Holcombe Rogus on 10 Sep 1890.

Photo © Michael Garlick (cc-by-sa/2.0)

Holcombe Rogus, All Saints Church: Eastern aspect, Thursday, 1 October, 2020

Photo available for reuse under this Creative Commons licence.

James Norman and Harriet Woodland

St James, Taunton
cc-by-sa/2.0 - © Stephen Craven - geograph.org.uk/p/7064603

James Norman (b. 1843), son of Samuel Norman and Ann Gamlin, married Harriet Woodland (bap. 11 Apr 1841 in Huish Champflower, Somerset), daughter of Abraham Woodland and Mary Milton, on 2 Apr 1866 at the church of St. James, Taunton. James and both fathers' occupations are listed as Labourer. Both James and Harriet's address is listed as North Town.

James and Harriet had around 12 children:

1. Lucy Woodland b. 1865 M Quarter in WELLINGTON Volume 05C
2. Elya Norman b. 1867 listed on 1871 census, no birth record found
3. Jane Norman b. 1868 D Quarter in WELLINGTON Volume 05C
4. Mary Ann Norman b. 1870 J Quarter in TIVERTON Vol 05B Page 446
5. Ellen Norman b. 23 Dec 1871 M Qtr in TIVERTON Vol 05B Page 478
6. William Norman b. 1873 S Quarter in TIVERTON Vol 05B Page 418
7. Tom Norman b. 1875 J Quarter in TIVERTON Vol 05B Page 428
8. Maria Norman b. 1877 J Quarter in TIVERTON Vol 05B Page 440
9. Samuel Norman b. 1878 D Quarter in TIVERTON Vol 05B Page 439 (Died at 32 in 1911 M Qtr in TIVERTON Vol 05B Page 331)
10. Elizabeth Norman b. 1880 D Quarter in TIVERTON Vol 05B Page 413 (Died, aged 0, in 1880 D Quarter in TIVERTON Vol 05B Page 285)
11. George Norman b. 1882 J Quarter in TIVERTON Vol 05B Page 444
12. Bessy Norman b. 1885 M Quarter in TIVERTON Vol 05B Page 431

There was one further child attributed to this family, Lily Norman: b. 1885 D Quarter in TIVERTON Volume 05B Page 421. This birth was later in the same year as Bessy Norman: technically possible, only just, but highly unlikely. There's no mother's maiden name on her birth registration, suggesting an illegitimate birth, so it's far more plausible that this was the illegitimate child of one of the daughters. No doubt the birth certificate would list the true mother's name. (Lily Norman married Tom Richards in 1910; in 1911 Tom Richards (29), Lily Richards (26) and son Thomas James Richards (b. 1910 S Quarter in TIVERTON Volume 05B Page 355) were living in Bampton, Devon. Lily Richards died in the 3rd quarter of 1911, aged 26.)

In 1871, James Norman (27) Farm Labourer, was living in Tiverton with Harriet Norman (28), daughter Lucy Norman (6), Elya Norman (4) (this is the only record with this name), Jane Norman (2) and Mary Ann Norman (1).

In 1881, James Norman (38) Ag Lab, was at Ewings, Tiverton, with Harriet Norman (39), Jane Norman (12), Mary A Norman (11), Ellen Norman (9), William Norman (8), Tom Norman (6), Maria Norman (4) & Samuel (2).

In 1891, at Drizzlecombe, Higher Curham, Halberton, were James Norman (47) Agricultural Labourer, Harriet Norman (49), William Norman (17), George Norman (9), Bessie Norman (6) and Lily Norman (5). That year Maria Norman (13) was employed as a General Servant in the household of Henry Venner, Confectioner, in Bridge Street, Tiverton, Devon.

James Norman (52) died in 1896 M Qtr in TIVERTON Vol 05B Page 287.

In 1901, Harriet Norman (58) Widow, was living in Halberton, Devon with Samuel Norman (22), George Norman (17), Lily Norman (15) and William Fook (24) Lodger. Bessie Norman (17) that year was Housemaid in the household of Edward Chave, in Uplowman (at Widhays Farm), where her sister Ellen had been a General domestic servant 10 years earlier.

In 1911, Harriet Norman (70) Widow, was living at Priory Cottage (adjoining The Priory), 9 High Street, Halberton with Beattie Gors (12) Grandchild.

Harriet Norman (71) died in 1913 M Qtr in TIVERTON Vol 05B Page 567.

Joseph Soppit and Catherine Winship

St Bartholomew's Church, Longbenton
cc-by-sa/2.0 - © Bill Henderson - geograph.org.uk/p/3641043

Joseph Soppit (b. 1 May 1806, bap. 19 Oct 1806 in Ovingham), who was the son of Joseph and Bridget Soppit, married Catherine Winship (bap. 9 Sep 1804 in Longbenton, Northumberland), daughter of John Winship and Mary Daggett on 1 Apr 1838 at All Saints' Church, Newcastle upon Tyne. 

Joseph and Catherine Soppit had three children; 

1. Bridget Soppit b. 1839 M Quarter in TYNEMOUTH UNION Volume 25 Page 388, bap. 3 Mar 1839 at St Bartholomew's Church, Longbenton
2. Winship Soppit b. 1842 M Quarter in TYNEMOUTH UNION Volume 25 Page 407, bap. 27 Mar 1842 at St Bartholomew's Church, Longbenton
3. John Soppit b. 1844 S Quarter in TYNEMOUTH UNION Volume 25 Page 424, bap. 6 Oct 1844 at St Bartholomew's Church, Longbenton

Longbenton had some notable residents, among them English physician and scientist, Thomas Addison, footballer Peter Beardsley and actor Jimmy Nail. The late wife and infant child of engineer, George Stephenson (1781 - 1848), are buried at St Bartholomew's Church, Longbenton. George Stephenson having worked as a brakesman and later appointed as engine-wright in 1812, in 1814, Stephenson constructed his first locomotive, 'Blucher', for hauling coal at Killingworth Colliery. (See Killingworth locomotives). This may even have been an influence, as later, John Soppit became an Engine Fitter. 

In 1839, on Bridget's baptism, the Soppit family were listed as living in Killingworth, with Joseph's occupation described as Waggonman.

In 1841, Joseph Sopwith (sic), Banksman (In Irish and British civil engineering, a banksman is the person who directs the operation of a crane or larger vehicle from the point near where loads are attached and detached); Catherine (30), Bridget (2) and Bridget Elias (60) [with the change of name, assume she remarried, but found no record] were living at Killingworth, Longbenton, Tynemouth. Longbenton has a long history of coal mining. 

By 1851, Joseph Soppit (44), a Colliery Labourer, Catherine Soppit (45), Bridget Soppit (12), Winship Soppit (9) and John Soppit (6), as well as Joseph's mother, Bridget Soppit (70), were all living at Hazbrigg, Longbenton, Tynemouth. (They subsequently moved to Durham, as Bridget Elias died in 1855 M Quarter in HOUGHTON LE SPRING Volume 10A Page 188.)

In 1861, Joseph Soppit (55), Labourer, Catherine (56), Winship (19), Blacksmith at Colliery, and John (14) Joiner at Colliery were at Four Lane Ends, Hetton Le Hole (where coal has been mined since Roman times).

Catherine Soppitt (sic) died, aged 66 (1871 M Quarter in HOUGHTON LE SPRING Volume 10A Page 269), and was buried on 9 Jan 1871 at St Nicholas, Hetton Le Hole. 

On the 1871 census, Joseph Soppitt (sic) (64) Labourer, and son Winship (29) Blacksmith, along with Isabella Hepple (42), Servant, were living at Lyons, Hetton-Le-Hole, Houghton Le Spring, Durham. 

In 1881, Joseph Soppit (74), Retired Coal Miner, was living in Caroline Street, Hetton-Le-Hole, with Martha Simpson (69) Widow, Housekeeper.

Joseph Soppitt (sic) died, aged 76, in 1882 M Qtr in HOUGHTON-LE-SPRING Vol 10A Page 254 and buried on 5 Feb 1882 in Hetton-Le-Hole.

St. Cuthbert's Church, East Rainton
cc-by-sa/2.0 - © Trevor Littlewood - geograph.org.uk/p/3448633

John Pearson (b. 1836 in Durham), son of Andrew Pearson and Jane Brown, married Bridget Soppit (bap. 3 Mar 1839 in Longbenton), daughter of Joseph Soppit and Catherine Winship, in Sunderland, Durham in Q2 1858.

John and Bridget had six sons:

1. Joseph Pearson b. 1859 in HOUGHTON LE SPRING Vol 10A Page 355
2. Andrew Pearson b. 1862 J Quarter in DURHAM Volume 10A Page 328 (Died aged 17 in 1879 in HOUGHTON-LE-SPRING Vol 10A Page 224)
3. John William Winship Pearson b. 1864 in DURHAM Vol 10A Page 332
4. Robert Pearson b. 1866 in DURHAM Volume 10A Page 345, bap. 5 May 1867 in Pittington, Durham
5. Frederick George Pearson b. 1869 in DURHAM Vol 10A Page 362
6. John Henry Pearson b. 18 Sep 1873 in HOUGHTON-LE-SPRING Volume 10A Page 582, bap. 5 Dec 1873, in East Rainton, Durham.

Yes, two sons were registered as John, although census records suggest the elder was known as William and the youngest, as Henry. 

In 1861, the couple were living in Low Moorsley (wonder if they encountered serial killer Mary Ann Cotton there?) in the district of Hetton-le-Hole. John Pearson (25) Joiner & Cartwright, with Bridget (22) and Joseph (1).

In 1871, at Quarry House, Pittington, we find John Soppit (35) Joiner, Bridget (32) and sons Joseph (11), William (6), Robert (4) and Frederick (2). I cannot account for the absense of Andrew and cannot locate him elsewhere.

In 1881, John Pearson (45) Foreman joiner (colliery) was living in Overmans Row, Haswell, Easington, Durham, with wife Bridget Pearson (42), Joseph (21) Fireman (locomotive engine); William (16) Pupil teacher; Robert (14), Frederick (12) and Henry (7), as well as Mary Jane Bird (14) General domestic servant. One imagines Overmans Row was housing for foremen. 

In 1891, John Pearson (55) Ironkeeper joiner, was listed at the Screen Man Arms, Gale Street, Haswell, with Bridget Pearson (52), FG Pearson [Frederick George] (22) and Henry Pearson (18), John Soppit (12) Nephew (son of Winship Soppit and Ann Hall) and Sarah A Walker (18) General Servant.

Bridget Pearson died, at 61, in 1900 in BROMLEY (Vol 02A Page 286). Bridget's younger brother, John Soppit, Publican, lived Bromley, Kent, so it would seem likely she was staying with him at the time of her death. 

In 1901, John Pearson (65) widower, living on own means, was boarding in 15, Rawshorne Terrace, South Hetton, Haswell, Easington, Durham, in the household of Thomas Hodgson (68) Coal miner.

In 1911, John Pearson (75) widower, Lamplighter, was a boarder in the household of Robert Shanks (75) Tea and coffee dealer, at 4 Richmond St, South Hetton, Haswell, Durham. 

John Pearson died, aged 80, in Easington, in 1916.

Framwellgate Bridge, Durham
cc-by-sa/2.0 - © David Robinson - geograph.org.uk/p/6271900

Winship Soppit (b. 1842), elder son of Joseph Soppit and Catherine Winship, married an Ann Hall in Durham, in the 4th quarter of 1871. (There's more than one Ann Hall born in the relevant area, so it would require more clues.)

Winship and Ann had six children:

1. Winship Soppit b. 1872 M Quarter in HOUGHTON-LE-SPRING Volume 10A Page 475 (Died in the same quarter, 1872 M Quarter in HOUGHTON-LE-SPRING Volume 10A Page 345)
2. Catherine Soppit b. 1873 S Quarter in DURHAM Volume 10A Page 448 (Died in the same quarter, 1873 S Quarter in DURHAM Volume 10A Page 240.) There's a baptism of a Catherine Soppit, whose parents were Winship and Ann, in Durham, on 13 Oct 1874. A posthumous baptism, or perhaps more likely that the year has been transcribed incorrectly?
3. Joseph Soppit b. 1877 M Quarter in DURHAM Volume 10A Page 396 (Died aged 1, in 1878 M Quarter in DURHAM Volume 10A Page 197)
4. John Winship Soppit b. 1879 M Quarter in DURHAM Vol 10A Page 373
5. Margaret Soppit b. 1881 J Quarter in DURHAM Volume 10A Page 385 (Died in the same quarter, 1881 (Volume 10A Page 181)
6. Edith Annie Soppit b. 1885 S Quarter in GATESHEAD Vol 10A Page 795. (Died aged 2 in 1887 D Qtr in GATESHEAD Vol 10A Page 486)

In 1881, Winship Soppitt (sic) (38) Blacksmith at colliery, was living at Colliery Houses, 22, Framwellgate, Durham with wife Annie (29), John W (2) born at Framwellgate Moor; Margaret (0) and Annie Pallister (9) Niece.

Then Winship Soppit died, aged 48, in 1890 in Morpeth, Northumberland.

In 1891, Annie Soppitt (sic) (39) widow, was Housekeeper to John Scott (42) Deputy At Coal Mine, at Long Row, Harraton, Durham. John Soppit (12) was staying with his aunt and uncle John Pearson and Bridget Soppit at the Screen Man Arms, Gale Street, Haswell, Easington, Durham.

In 1901, Ann Soppit (49) widow from South Hetton, Durham, was listed as a Pauper Inmate in Preston Lane, Tynemouth, Northumberland - the Tynemouth Parish Workhouse was in Preston Lane, North Sheilds.

Annie then just disappears, with no further records on census, nor death. 

James Ridgway and Harriet Stone

Inside the Grade II* Listed St Peter’s Church in Uplowman

James Ridgway (b. 1866 in Uplowman), son of Thomas Ridgeway and Ann Tooze, married his first cousin, Harriet Stone (bap. 2 Apr 1865 at St John the Baptist, Ashbrittle), daughter of Henry Stone and Mary Ridgeway, on 1 Apr 1895, at St Peter’s Church, Uplowman. Witnesses to their marriage were Harriet's brother, Francis Stone, and younger sister, Lucy Jane Stone.

Children of this blended family included:

1. Francis Stone b. 25 Dec 1887 (1888 M Quarter in TIVERTON Volume 05B Page 407), bap 10 Feb 1888 at Uplowman, described as the "Base born son of Harriet Stone, Labourer's daughter."
2. Charles Ridgway b. 3 Mar 1895 (1895 J Qtr in TIVERTON Vol 05B Page 393), bap. 1 May 1895 at Uplowman as "Charles Stone or Ridgway, son of Harriet Stone alias Ridgway. Married after birth of child."
3. Nellie Ridgway b. 7 Jan 1897 (1897 M Quarter in TIVERTON Volume 05B Page 398), bap. 28 Feb 1897 at Uplowman.
4. Emily Ridgeway b. 31 Aug 1899 (1899 D Quarter in TIVERTON Volume 05B Page 375), bap. 29 Oct 1899 (Died, aged 3, in 1903 S Quarter in TIVERTON Vol 05B Page 233, buried 3 Aug 1903, in Uplowman)
5. James Ridgway b. 10 Feb 1904 (1904 M Quarter in TIVERTON Volume 05B Page 382), bap. 1 Apr 1904 at Uplowman.

In 1901, at Greengate, Uplowman, James Ridgway (34), Farm Labourer, had become the head of the family; Harriet Ridgeway (35), Francis Ridgeway (13), Charles Ridgeway (6), Nellie Ridgeway (4) and Emily Ridgeway (1). Living with them was Harriet's widowed father, Henry (71) (listed incorrectly as Henry Ridgway), working as a Labourer on Roads, as well as Harriet's brother, Francis Stone (again, incorrectly listed under the surname Ridgeway). Whether the two older boys were James Ridgway's sons or not, they were also both listed with the surname Ridgway, but this all looks most likely to be a simple case of the enumerator getting carried away with Ditto marks.

In 1911, at Road Crosses, Sampford Peverell, Tiverton, were James Ridgway (44), Farm Labourer, Harriet (46), Nellie (14), Domestic Servant, James Ridgway (7). However, Frank Stone (23) and Charles Stone (16), were relegated the bottom of the list and both described as James' stepsons.

In 1921, living at Trucklegate Farm, Uplowman, Devon, were James Ridgway (sic) (54) General Farm Labourer; Harriet Ridgway (56), Francis Stone (33) Road Labourer and Charles Ridgway (26) General Farm Labourer. Nellie Ridgeway (24) was a General Domestic Servant to Thomas Richards Mills, Creamery Manager at Beechwood, Tiverton. James Ridgeway (17) was a House Man to George Thorne, Farmer at Tillbrook, Butterleigh, Devon.

James Ridgway died, at 62, in 1929 M Qtr in TIVERTON Vol 05B 689.

Harriet Ridgway died, at 71, in 1936 M Qtr in TIVERTON Vol 05B 585.

• In 1939, Francis Stone, Road Labourer, single, was at Pead Hill Cottage, Chevithorne. Francis died, in Tiverton, in 1965.
• Charles Ridgway married Alice Conibeer (b. 7 Apr 1890), in 1922. In 1939, Charles Ridgeway, Lorry Driver, and his wife Alice, were living at Copplestone Cottage, West Manley, Tiverton. Alice Ridgway died in 1949, aged 59. Charles Ridgway died on 19 May 1958, aged 63, leaving his effects to his sister, Nellie Burt.
• Nellie Ridgway married Charles Edward Burt, son of George Burt and Fanny Jerwood, in Tiverton, in 1925. In 1939, Charles Burt (b. 4 Dec 1887) Lacemaker Machinist, Nellie and their three children, were at 5 Queen Street, Tiverton. Charles Edward Burt died, in 1965, in Tiverton, aged 77. Nellie Burt died in 1976, in Exeter.
• James Ridgway married Evelyn Laura Howden (b. 30 Jul 1901 in Islington, London), daughter of John William Howden and Laura Purchase, in Edmonton, in 1934. In 1939, James Ridgway, Farm Carter, and Evelyn, lived at Rose Cottage, Stag Mill, Uplowman. Evelyn Laura Ridgway or Ridgeway, married woman, of Rose Cottage, Stag Mill, Uplowman, died at Tidcombe Hall, Tiverton (the Early 19th century house, shown as Tidcombe Rectory on late 19th century OS map, was once a Marie Curie daycare unit), on 1 Oct 1960, aged 59, leaving her effects to her brother, Charles Edwin Howden, retired postman. James Ridgeway died in 1976.

Walter White and Hannah Blazey

Thorpe St Andrew Parish Church
The church, which was once reported to be the smallest church in Norfolk, was the subject of a Vestry meeting in 1862. It was decided at this meeting that the church needed to be enlarged and then in 1864 it was a agreed that a new one should be built. The new church was consecrated on 31st May 1866 by the Bishop of Norwich [just in time for Walter and Hannah's wedding the following year]. The remains of the medieval church still exist in front of the Parish Church.

Walter White (b. 16 Nov 1845 in Thorpe, Norfolk), youngest son of William White and Ann Francis, married Hannah Blazey (b. 17 Jun 1845 in Heigham, Norfolk), daughter of Francis Stephen Blazey and Hannah Minns on Sunday, 31 Mar 1867 at the Parish church of St Andrew, Thorpe St Andrew, Norwich. Witnesses to their marriage were Samuel Blazey, the bride's brother; Hannah White, the bridegroom's sister and an Elizabeth Blazey (this could have been Samuel's wife, or probably more likely was Hannah's younger sister).

Walter and Hannah had two children:

1. Walter White b. 1869 S Qtr in BLOFIELD UNION Vol 04B Page 179
2. Laura Elizabeth White b. 15 Oct 1870 (1870 D Quarter in BLOFIELD UNION Volume 04B Page 185) - who was my great-grandmother.

On 4 Jun 1870, The Norfolk Chronicle and Norwich Gazette reported that Walter White, of Thorpe St. Andrew's, gardener, was summoned by Hannah White, his wife, for unlawfully assaulting her on the 25th ult. [i.e. the previous month] Complainant said that she asked her husband for the money to pay the gas rate with, on which he flew into a violent passion, and beat and kicked her in the back. Defendant said he might have kicked her, but not to have hurt her, but it was under great provocation. Defendant was fined 5s, and 15s costs. [Hannah will have been ~4 months pregnant with Laura at the time.]

In 1871, Walter White (26) Gardener, Hannah White (26), Walter White (1) and Laura White (5 months) were living at Thorpe Grove, Thunder Lane, Thorpe St Andrew. In the next-door household was a Robert Knivett (53), also a gardener. Also living at Thorpe Grove, was William Birkbeck (1832–1897), banker and landowner, whose former property in Thunder Lane, now named The Cottage is currently a pub and restaurant. One presumes these gardeners were employed on Birkbeck's then quite large estate.

Walter White, Gardener, of Globe Street, Heigham, Norwich, died, aged 26 on 5 Jan 1872 (M Qtr in NORWICH Vol 04B Page 130) from Smallpox. The death certificate states that H White [Hannah] was present at his death.

Then Hannah White (29), Dressmaker, Widow, daughter of Francis Blazey (deceased), remarried to William Cooper (34) Brush Maker Journeyman, Widower, on 5 July 1875 at the Register Office, District of Norwich. (It is said that, during the late 19th century, the Norwich Register Office was situated on Bethel Street). Both gave their address as Manchester Buildings, Union Place, Heigham. William left the spaces for his father blank.

William Cooper (b. 19 Dec 1839, bap. 19 Jan 1840 at St Martin at Palace, Norwich), was the illegitimate son of Elizabeth Cooper, Spinster. When he had married for the first time, at the age of 19, to Emily Berry, daughter of Swithin Berry and Richendra Wright, at St Benedict's Church, Norwich, on 25 Jul 1859, he had also left the spaces for his father blank, but had then listed himself as William Wells Cooper, Brush maker. From this, we may surmise that his father may have been a Mr Wells. In 1861, William and Emily Cooper had been lodgers in Upper Westwick Street, St Benedict, Norwich; in 1871 they were living in Old Palace Road, Heigham, Norwich. Emily Cooper died, at 33, in 1874 J Quarter in NORWICH Volume 04B Page 100.

But just six months after their second marriage, Hannah Cooper, wife of William Cooper, a Brush maker, died, aged 30, at Union Place, Heigham, on 9 Jan 1876 (1876 M Quarter in NORWICH Volume 04B Page 104), from Phthisis (Tuberculosis). The informant, who made her mark, was 'Hannah Blazey, Mother, Present at death'. Sadly, this confirmed what seemed most likely, that Hannah had died in this period, because in 1881, both of her children, Walter and Laura, were living with their maternal grandmother.

As yet, I've not identified further records for William Cooper.

John Parsons and Emma Burrows

Shillingford : Village Sign & B3227
cc-by-sa/2.0 - © Lewis Clarke - geograph.org.uk/p/3283397

John Parsons (b. 24 Jun 1850), son of William Parsons and Harriet Norman, married Emma Burrows (b. 1856), daughter of James Burrows and Martha Perry, at St Michael & All Angels, Bampton on 31 Mar 1878. Witnesses were Samuel Burrows and Eliza Burrows, Emma's elder brother and his wife.

A report in The Western Times on 19 Jun 1874, tells us that Emma Burrows was, at that time, a servant at the Barleycorn Inn, Shillingford, Bampton.

John and Emma had nine children:

1. James Burrows Parsons b. 7 Aug 1878 S Quarter in TIVERTON Volume 05B Page 436, bap. 1 Sep 1878 at St Michael & All Angels, Bampton
2. Lucy Emma Parsons b. 19 May 1880 D Quarter in TIVERTON Volume 05B Page 424, bap. 12 Dec 1880 at St Michael & All Angels, Bampton
3. William Parsons b. 4 Jul 1882 S Quarter in TIVERTON Volume 05B Page 443, bap. 30 Jul 1882 at St Michael & All Angels, Bampton
4. Sarah Ann Parsons b. 16 Jan 1884 in TIVERTON Vol 05B Page 439, bap. 10 Feb 1884 in Bampton. Died, aged 16, in 1900 S Qtr Vol 05B Page 267, buried at Petton Chapelry on 27 Jul 1900.
5. Harriet Parsons b. 18 Apr 1886 (1886 J Qtr in TIVERTON Vol 05B Page 444), bap. 23 Apr 1886, at St Michael and All Angels, Bampton. Died in 1886 J Qtr in TIVERTON Vol 05B 320 and buried at Petton Chapelry on 12 May 1886, with age listed as 24 days.
6. Samuel Charles Parsons b. 23 Apr 1887 (1887 J Quarter in TIVERTON Volume 05B Page 428), bap. 5 Jun 1887 in Bampton. Died, aged 11, in 1898 J Quarter in TIVERTON Volume 05B Page 275 and was buried at Petton Chapelry on 8 May 1898.
7. Sydney Parsons b. 7 Feb 1889 M Quarter in TIVERTON Volume 05B Page 438, bap. 10 Mar 1889 at St Michael and All Angels, Bampton
8. Florence Annie Parsons b. 3 Feb 1891 M Quarter in TIVERTON Volume 05B Page 424, bap. 8 Mar 1891 at St Michael and All Angels, Bampton
9. John Parsons b. 20 Jul 1894 S Quarter in TIVERTON Volume 05B Page 408, bap. 26 Aug 1894 at St Michael and All Angels, Bampton

All of the children were born in Shillingford (although the registration district was TIVERTON). Many of the dates of birth are those listed when the child was registered at the Shillingford And Petton County Primary School.

In 1881, living in Shillingford, Bampton, Tiverton, Devon, were John Parsons (30) Carpenter from Bampton, Devon; Emma Parsons (25) from Clayhanger, Devon; John B Parsons (2) and Lucy Parsons (0).

In 1891, living at Turnpike Gate House [Shillingford], Bampton were John Parsons (40) Carpenter; Emma Parsons (35), Lucy Parsons (10), William Parsons (8), Sarah A Parsons (7), Samuel C Parsons (3), Sydney Parsons (2) and Florence A Parsons (0). Eldest son James (12) was working as a servant for the Chanins at Landrake, Cove.

John Parsons died, aged 43, on 26 Oct 1894 (1894 D Qtr in TIVERTON Vol 05B Page 283) and was buried at Petton Chapelry on 31 Oct 1894.

In 1901, Emma Parsons (45) Widow was living in Shillingford, Bampton, Tiverton, Devon, with James Parsons (22) Labourer on farm who appears have moved back home to support his widowed mother and grandmother; Sydney Parsons (12), Florrie Parsons (10), John Parsons (6) and Martha Burrows (76) Widow. Lucy Parsons (20) was working in Clifton, Bristol as a domestic servant, and William Parsons (18) was Stockman at Mill Head, Bampton.

In 1911, Emma Parsons (55) Charwoman was living in Shillingford with her daughter Florence Parsons (21) Kitchenmaid. James, Lucy and William had all married, Private Sydney Parsons (22) was with the 2nd Battalion, Devonshire Regiment at St George's Barracks (Pembroke Army Garrison), Malta and John Parsons (16) was an Agricultural Labourer at Teal Farm, Bampton, Devon.

Four Sons on Active Service: The Western Times of 1 Dec 1916 reported that, "Corporal Sydney Parsons of the Devons, who was also wounded in France, has been spending a week-end at his home, Shillingford, Bampton. He is the third son of the late Mr John Parsons and of Mrs Parsons, and has two older and one younger brother on active service. He is a good marksman, having won at Malta the cup for shooting at 600 yards; also a medal for the highest score at 200 yards. He has served for six years at Malta and Egypt, and expects to take a further part in the great campaign."

The Western Times 9 May 1917 communicated that, "Sergt Sydney Parsons, son of Mrs Parsons of Shillingford, is reported missing."

The Western Times of 9 Nov 1917 reported: "Mrs E Parsons, of Shillingford, Bampton, has received the news that her second son, Corpl. Wm. Parsons, of the Devons, was killed in action [during the Battle of Broodseinde] on the 4th October last and has had a very sympathetic letter from Lieut. J W Chandler, deceased's Company officer, saying "his loss will be felt, both as a soldier and a friend." Corpl Parsons, who in peace time was engaged on the G.W.R. at Bristol, leaves a widow and two children. His elder brother, James, is attached to the Royal Engineers and his youngest brother is a prisoner of war in Germany. Another brother, Sergt Sydney Parsons, is reported missing. Much sympathy is evinced towards the mother, who is a widow."

Have been unable to find the record relating to James Parsons serving in the Royal Engineers, but he survived the war; William Parsons is buried at Tyne Cot Commonwealth War Graves Cemetery, outside Passendale, near Zonnebeke in Belgium; records sadly confirm that Sergeant Sydney Parsons of the 1st Battalion, Devonshire Regiment had been killed in action on 23 Apr 1917 [during the Battle of Arras] and is one of 35,942 soldiers with no known grave commemorated on the Arras Memorial; Corporal John Parsons of the Devonshire Regiment, Machine Gun Corps had been captured at Frankreich Serre [Serre-lès-Puisieux] on 16 Nov 1916 and various records show him constantly being sent from one German POW Camp to another, including Laz Mülheim, Dülmen, Minden, Aachen and Cambrai.

Sydney and William Parsons are commemorated on Bampton War Memorial.

In 1921, Emma Parsons (65) was still living in Shillingford, with her youngest son, John Parsons (26) General Labourer for Tiverton Council.

Emma Parsons died at 69 in 1926 M Qtr in TIVERTON Vol 05B Page 539.

• James Burrows Parsons married Mabel Mary Hayward (b. 1883) at St Peter’s Church, Uplowman on 21 Oct 1908. They had five children: Robert John Parsons in 1910; Doris Annie Parsons in 1911; Beatrice Mabel Parsons 1916; Rosie Florence Parsons 1920 and Malcolm James Parsons 1922. James Burrows Parsons died on 7 Nov 1956 and Mabel Mary Parsons on 24 Sep 1969. They are buried together at St Bartholomew's Church, Lyng, Somerset.
• Thomas Kingdom (b. 1876), son of Isaac Kingdom and Ann Hayward, married Lucy Parsons on 30 Apr 1903 at St Michael & All Angels, Bampton. They had three children: Albert Thomas Kingdom in 1904; Ivy Florence Kingdom in 1909 and Sydney John Kingdom in 1913. In 1911 they were in Petton, Bampton, where Lucy was a Sweet Shop Keeper. Thomas Kingdom died, at 43, on 28 Jan 1920. Lucy was still in Petton in 1921 and remarried to a Samuel Wright in 1922. In 1939 they were living at North Down, South Molton. Samuel died on 14 May 1952 and Lucy on 17 Sep 1970, at 89.
• Frank Cottrell (b. 16 Feb 1886) married Florence Annie Parsons in 1919. In 1921, Frank Cottrell (34) Woodman and Florence Annie Cottrell (30) were living at Lugh Barton Cottage, Skilgate, Somerset and in 1939, at 3 Rocknelle Cottage, Bampton, Tiverton. They don't appear to have had any children. Florence Cottrell died on 5 May 1965 at Belmont Hospital, Tiverton.
• John Parsons married Bessie Grace Bird (b. 8 Jul 1888), daughter of William Bird and Mary Dunn, in Crediton, Devon, in Q3 1922. They had twins: Francis John Charles Parsons and Elsie Betty Emma Parsons born 30 Nov 1922. All four members of the family were at Haddon View, Dulverton, Somerset in 1939. Both John Parsons and Bessie Grace Parsons died in Q3 of 1973.

James Clark and Alice Flint

Photo © John Salmon (cc-by-sa/2.0)

All Hallows, Devons Road, Bromley by Bow, London E3

Photo available for reuse under this Creative Commons licence.

James Clark (22) (b. 6 July 1880 in Poplar, London) Batchelor, Labourer of 9 Eastward Street, who listed his father as James Clark, Hair Dresser, married Alice Flint (19) (b. 24 Jul 1883 in Poplar, London) Spinster, of 17 Hawgood Street, Bromley-by-Bow, listing her father as Harry Flint, Coal Porter (deceased) - she may have thought so - (Francis Henry Flint and Ellen Wilton), at All Hallows Church, Devons Road, Bromley-by-Bow, on 31 Mar 1902 (in the previous church built 1873-1874 that was damaged by bombing in WWII). Witnesses were John Smith and Hannah Elizabeth Smith.

James and Alice Clark had 12 children in all:

1. James Clark b. 1902 S Quarter in POPLAR Volume 01C Page 558. Did not find registration of death, however, must have died as an infant.
2. Alice Clarke (sic) b. 1904 J Quarter in POPLAR Volume 01C Page 595
3. William Clark b. 8 Oct 1905 (1905 D Qtr in POPLAR  Vol 01C P 554)
4. Charles Clark b. 23 Jun 1907 (1907 S Qtr in POPLAR Vol 01C P 528)
5. Ellen Elizabeth Clark b. 1909 D Quarter in POPLAR Volume 01C Page 484. Did not find registration of death, but must have died by 1911.
6. Arthur Clark b. 1911 J Quarter in POPLAR Volume 01C Page 531
7. John Joseph Clark b. 26 Feb 1913 (1913 J Quarter in POPLAR Volume 01C Page 894)
8. Florence Elizabeth Clark b. 1916 M Quarter in POPLAR Vol 01C Page 828. Died, aged 1, in 1917 S Quarter in POPLAR Vol 01C Page 349
9. James Victor Clark b. 1 Mar 1920 (1920 J Quarter in POPLAR Volume 01C Page 868)
10. George Clark b. 1922 M Quarter in POPLAR Volume 01C Page 756. Died 1922 J Quarter in POPLAR Volume 01C Page 419
11. Leonard Leslie Clark b. 3 Jun 1923 (1923 S Quarter in POPLAR Volume 01C Page 619)
12. Joan Amelia Clark b. 1927 M Quarter in POPLAR Volume 01C Page 555

Four of the birth registrations for James, Alice, William and Ellen Elizabeth quote the mother's maiden name as FINCH. While those for Charles, Arthur, John Joseph, Florence Elizabeth, James Victor, George, Leonard Leslie and Joan Amelia were all registered with the mother's maiden name FLINT. Initially, I'd thought that Finch was a miss-hearing or misspelling of Flint, however, further research showed that after Alice's father had disappeared, her mother Ellen had lived with a John Finch (with whom she had two further daughters), listing all of her children under the name Finch. So Alice had possibly grown up using that name rather than her birth name. 

In 1911, James Clark (31) General Labourer was living at 70 Barchester Street, Poplar, with Alice Clark (28), Alice Clark (7), William Clark (6), Charley Clark (4) and Arthur Clark (1). On this census Alice is listed as having had 6 children, of whom 4 were then living and 2 had died. 

In 1921, James Clark (40) Seaman Now Home, was living at 10, Blackthorn Street, Poplar (immediately opposite the church in which they married), with Alice Clark (37), Alice Clark (17), William Clark (15), Charles Clark (13), Arthur Clark (11), John Clark (7) and James Victor Clark (1). 

James Clark died, aged 46, on 20 Jan 1927 in Colney Hatch, London. (GRO Reference: 1927 M Quarter in BARNET Volume 03A Page 632.)

In 1939, Alice Clark (b. 24 Jul 1883) Widowed, was living at 446 Old Ford Road, Victoria Park, Hackney with John Clark (b. 26 Feb 1913) Painter; James Clark (b. 1 Mar 1920) Labourer Van Boy; Leonard Clark (b. 3 Jun 1923) Van Boy Labourer; and a closed record which presumably relates to Joan.

Alice Clark died, aged 61, on 13 Jan 1945 (1945 M Quarter in POPLAR Volume 01C Page 241).