John Bawden and Mary Ann Burn Trevail

Luxulyan Church
cc-by-sa/2.0 - © Rod Allday - geograph.org.uk/p/2708738

John Bawden (bap. 3 Apr 1837 in Lanlivery), son of John Bawden and Elizabeth Giles, married Mary Ann Burn Trevail, daughter of Joseph Trevail and Jane Rundle, at Luxulyan Parish Church, on 7 Jan 1861. Mary Ann's sister, Ellen Trevail, was bridesmaid at the wedding. Witnesses were the bride's father, Joseph Trevail and James Higgs, who married Ellen Trevail the following year, who it may be imagined was likely best man.

Of the couple's 10 children, seven sons and two daughters survived: 

1. Nicholas Bawden b. 1862 M Qtr in BODMIN Vol 05C Page 94, bap. 6 Apr 1862 at Lanlivery, Cornwall. Died, at 16 months, in New Zealand - Well, his death was registered there, he may have died en route.
2. Mary Jane Bawden b. 1864 in New Zealand
3. John Bawden b. 1866 in New Zealand
4. Henry Bawden b. 1868 in New Zealand
5. Joseph Bawden b. 1869 in New Zealand
6. Alfred Bowden (sic) b. 1872 in New Zealand
7. Charles Bowden (sic) b. 1874 in New Zealand
8. Samuel Nicholas Bowden (sic) b. 1876 in New Zealand
9. Emma Bawden b. 1878 in New Zealand
10. William Bowden (sic) b. 1883 in New Zealand

In 1861, newlyweds John (24) and Mary Ann (19) were living in the household of John's parents, at Rosnea Mill, Lanlivery. 

John Bawden Snr died in 1862 and on 10 Dec 1862, John Bawden (25), Mary Ann and their infant son, Nicholas, embarked in London aboard the ship, the Huntress. They arrived in Lyttelton, New Zealand on 21 Apr 1863, after what must have been a nightmare journey of 130+ days. Between the tactless and unpopular captain, quarrels and firearms being drawn, much discontent about the way victuals were cooked and a terrible cyclone just south of the equator, when passengers were locked up in their quarters (for their protection, but equally frightening), when, "The ship reared almost perpendicularly bows or stern up or down, also rolling sideways, and all ways, in a most alarming manner", this was certainly no pleasure cruise.

Travelling on the same voyage was Mary Ann's sister, Ellen (22), her husband James Higgs (24) and their infant daughter, Maria Jane. Each couple contributed £17 towards the £26 for the cost of the passage as assisted emigration. £17 in 1862 is worth >£2,600 today. A big investment.

On the voyage there were "15 deaths, all children with the exception of one young woman aged 17 and a boy belonging to the ship". Nicholas Bawdin (sic), died, aged 16 months, in New Zealand, in 1863. Ellen's daughter, Maria Jane Higgs, also perished at 13 months. The deaths were registered in New Zealand, but they could well have been part of those grim statistics.

At the end of their arduous journey, John Bawden undertook heavy manual work digging the Lyttelton Rail Tunnel - the first tunnel in the world to be taken through the side of an extinct volcano - completed 1867 and, in 1921, John was "one of the last survivors of that little band of tunnel workers."

Although the Trevails were farmers, not miners, reading how Cornish Miners were going to New Zealand for new lives and to work on this project when and because the tin mines closed in Cornwall - and one can imagine much local talk and newspaper coverage of that in Cornwall - probably explains where they will have got the idea to make the decision to emigrate.

Mary Ann Burn Trevail Bawden died on 5 Jan 1921, aged 79-80. Sadly, Mary Ann missed her diamond wedding anniversary by two days, because the marriage certificate clearly shows they were married on 7th Jan (not 2nd as it says in the article). Mary Ann is buried at Lyttelton Anglican Cemetery. 

John Bawden died on 14 Aug 1929, aged 91, and is buried with his wife.

The obituary for John Bawden lists eldest daughter as Mrs M Lewis: Mary Jane Bowden (sic) married Isaac Lewis in 1894 and their younger daughter as Mrs E Ballard: Emma Bowden (sic) married Walter Charles Ballard in 1906.

The Lyttelton portal of the Lyttelton Rail Tunnel with construction workers in 1867
Very likely one of the men in this picture was John Bawden.

Joseph Trevail and Jane Rundle

Luxulyan Church, dedicated to St Cyriacus & St Julitta
cc-by-sa/2.0 - © Rod Allday - geograph.org.uk/p/2708738

Joseph Trevail (bap. 24 Jun 1816, at Luxulyan, Cornwall), son of John Trevail and Elizabeth Knight, married Jane Rundle (bap. 23 Feb 1817 in Lanivet, Cornwall), daughter of Nicholas Rundle and Mary Ann Burn, on 19 Jun 1837, at the parish church of St Cyriacus and St Julitta, Luxulyan, Cornwall.  

Joseph and Jane Trevail had 12 children:

1. Nicholas Rundle Trevail bap. 28 Jan 1838 in Luxulyan
2. Ellen Trevail bap. 22 Sep 1839 in Luxulyan 
3. Mary Ann Burn Trevail bap. 29 Dec 1841 in Luxulyan
4. Emma Jane Rundle Trevail bap. 25 Feb 1843 in Luxulyan 
5. Elfrida Trevail bap. 4 Feb 1845 in Luxulyan (died 1921, see below)
6. Joseph Rundle Trevail, b. 1847 J Quarter in OF BODMIN Volume 09 Page 42, bap. (as Joseph Henry) 21 Jun 1847 in Luxulyan
7. Dahlia Trevail b. 1849 J Quarter in OF BODMIN Volume 09 Page 42, bap. (as Cordelia) 27 May 1849 
8. Charles Trevail b. 2 Aug 1851 (no GRO registration) at Rosemelling, bap. 16 Sep 1851 at Rosemelling Chapel
9. Olivia Trevail, b. 1854 (per census), bap. 20 May 1855 in Luxulyan
10. Nancy Rundell (sic) Trevail b. 1855 J Quarter in BODMIN Volume 05C Page 103, bap. 20 May 1855 (disappears)
11. Kate Trevail b. 12 Nov 1857 (1857 D Quarter in OF BODMIN Volume 05C Page 90), bap. 27 Dec 1857 in Luxulyan
12. Jane Rundle Trevail, b. 1860 M Quarter in OF BODMIN Volume 05C Page 104, bap. 29 Mar 1862

In 1841, at Tregarden Farm, Luxulyan, were Joseph Trevail (25) Farmer, Jane Trevail (20), Nicholas Trevail (3) and Ellen Trevail (1), Charles Trevail (20) and Philip Trevail (40) (Charles and Philip were Joseph's brothers. Philip was the father of Jane Trevail & grandfather of Silvanus Trevail).

In 1851, again at Tregarden Farm, Luxulyan, were Joseph Trevail (35) Farmer of 118 acres, Jane (34), Nicholas R (13) Farmer's Son, Ellen (11), Mary A (9), Alfreda (sic) (6), Joseph (4), Delilah (sic) (1), John Couch (17) Farm Servant, William Browne (17) Farm Servant, John Tamblyn (60) Vitenary Sergant (sic) - they mean Veterinary Surgeon LOL - from Broadoak. Emma Trevail (9) was in the household of her grandparents, Nicholas and Mary Ann Rundle at Tymorkham [Farm], St Neot Cornwall, Liskeard, but listed as their niece (guessing her uncle completed the census for his parents).

Jane Trevail died, aged 43, in 1860 M Qtr in BODMIN Vol 05C Page 67.

In 1861, Joseph Trevail (45), was farming 118 acres at Tregarden Farm, Luxulyan, with Nicholas R Trevail (23), Ellen (21), Elfreda (16), Joseph (15), Delcia (sic) (12), Charles (9), Olivia (7), Nancy (5), Kate (3) and Jane R (1). 

In the last quarter of 1865, Joseph Trevail remarried to Eliza Roach (sic), in Plymouth, and went on to have another two daughters:

1. Hetty Trevail b. 23 Apr 1866 (1866 J Qtr in BODMIN Vol 05C 97)
2. Emily Trevail b. 1868 J Quarter in BODMIN Volume 05C Page 95. Died, aged 25, on 24 Oct 1893 (1893 D Quarter in BODMIN Vol 05C Page 53) and is buried at the parish church in Lanlivery.

Eliza Roche (bap. 26 Dec 1824 in Luxulyan, Cornwall), daughter of John Roche and Jenefer Udy, had previously married William Roche (bap. 20 Jun 1824 in Luxulyan, Cornwall), son of William Roach (sic) and Mary Warne, on 5 Mar 1853 in Luxulyan, Cornwall. At a guess, probably yet another pair of cousins. The couple had three daughters: Priscilla Roach b. 1853; Eliza Jane Roach b. 1856 and Charlotte Ann Roach b. 1858, before William Roach died, at 35, in 1858 S Quarter in OF BODMIN Volume 05C Page 63.

Then the following item appeared in the London Gazette of 20 Aug 1869: "Joseph Trevail, of Tregarden in the Parish of Luxulyan, in the County of Cornwall, Farmer, having been adjudged bankrupt under a Petition for adjudication of Bankruptcy, filed in the County Court of Cornwall, holden at Bodmin on the 14th day of August 1869, is hereby required to surrender himself to John Basset Collins, Registrar of the said Court, at the first meeting of creditors to be held before the said Registrar, on the 4th day of September next, at 10 o'clock in the forenoon precisely, at the said Court."

In 1871, Joseph Trevail (55) was at Redmoor, Lanlivery with wife Eliza (45), Kitty (assume they mean Hetty) (4) and Emily (2) and Charlotte Ann Roach (12), listed as Daughter-in-law, but obviously they mean Step-daughter. Olivia Trevail (20), was a kitchen maid in the household of Francis Gosling, Banker, at Wellbury House, Great Offley, Hitchin, Hertfordshire. (Goslings Bank was one of the banks merged into Barclays Bank in 1896). Eliza's two older daughters, Priscilla Roach (17) and Eliza J Roach (15) were staying in the household of Richard Williams in Falmouth, Cornwall and his wife Priscilla, who was their aunt, Eliza's sister.

In 1881, at Redmoor, Lanlivery, were Joseph Trevail (65) Butcher & farmer of 2½ acres, Eliza Trevail (56), Hetty Trevail (14), Emily Trevail (13).  

Lanlivery, St. Brevita's Church
cc-by-sa/2.0 - © Michael Garlick - 
geograph.org.uk/p/6279283

Joseph Trevail died, aged 75, on 1 Apr 1891 (1891 J Quarter in BODMIN Volume 05C Page 59). He is buried at Lanlivery Parish Church and, having found these details in "Cornwall Memorial Inscriptions", we can probably assume there may be a headstone.

In 1891, Eliza Trevail (66) widow, farmer was still at Redmoor, Lanlivery, with her daughters Hetty (24) and Emily (22).

In 1901, Eliza Trevail (76) widow, living on own means, was alone at Churchtown, Lanlivery Rural, Bodmin. 

Eliza Trevail died on 26 Nov 1904, aged 80 (1904 D Quarter in BODMIN Volume 05C Page 41) and is also buried at Lanlivery parish church.

By 1871, Elfrida Trevail (26) was a Pauper Patient at the Lunatic Asylum, Bodmin (later St Lawrence's Mental Hospital). She was still there, aged 57, in 1901, at 67 in 1911 and at 77 in 1921. After 50+ years in that institution, Elfrida Trevail died, aged 77, in 1921 D Quarter in BODMIN Volume 05C Page 81 and was buried in Bodmin on 12 Dec 1921.