Cyril Burrows and Lilian May Manley

Devonport Dockyard - the ropewalk
cc-by-sa/2.0 - © Chris Allen - geograph.org.uk/p/3074721

Lilian May Manley, daughter of William Manley and Jessie Hammacott, married Cyril Burrows, son of Henry Burrows and Mary Cock, in Devonport in 1921.

Cyril's parents had married, in Bodmin, in 1895. Mary Cock, daughter of Johnathan Cock and Mary Phillips, was baptised on 21 Aug 1871, in Luxulyan, Cornwall. Henry Burrows, born 13 Dec 1873, was a Blacksmith, listed as born in Whitehouse, Bodmin, Cornwall. Henry Burrows joined the Royal Navy as an Armourer on 19 Apr 1893. Exactly the same career path as Lilian's father.

On 9 Mar 1898, until 15 Dec 1899, Henry Burrows was assigned to HMS Hibernia (1804). Hibernia was flagship of the British Mediterranean Fleet from 1816 until 1855, then she became the flagship for the Royal Navy's base at Malta, stationed in Grand Harbour. On the English 1911 Census, Cyril Burrows is listed as "Malta Resident". What they mean is, he was born in Malta. 

In 1901, the family were living at 64, Admiralty Street, Devonport, but in 1911, while Mary and the children were residing at 9 Highland Terrace, St Budeaux, Devonport, Henry Burrows was with HMS Monmouth (1901), of the China Squadron, at Colombo (Ceylon, now Sri Lanka). 

Henry Burrows was Invalided on 13 Apr 1916 with the reason given as paralysis agitans, a less common name for Parkinson's disease. 

In 1939, we find Cyril Burrows (b. 2 May 1899) Inspector Of Shipwrights, with wife Lilian and son Cyril Maynard Burrows (b. 24 Apr 1921) Apprentice Shipwright, living at 35 Oakwood Road, Portsmouth. Cyril's Admiralty appointment was reported in the Portsmouth Evening News of 21 July 1939.

Cyril Burrows died, in Portsmouth, in 1979, aged 80.

Lilian May Burrows died, in Portsmouth, in 1989, at 90.

Cyril Maynard Burrows died, also in Portsmouth, in 2001, also aged 80.

James Higgs and Ellen Trevail

Whistow Farm
cc-by-sa/2.0 - © Phil Williams - geograph.org.uk/p/196552

Ellen Trevail, eldest daughter of Joseph Trevail and Jane Rundle, married James Higgs, son of Samuel Nicholas Higgs, farmer, of Whistow Farm, Lanlivery, and Maria Olver (m. 9 Oct 1821 in Morval) at Luxulyan Parish Church, on 22 Jan 1862. At the time of their marriage, James Higgs was listed as a Policeman.

In Dec 1862, James (24), Ellen (22) and their infant daughter, Maria Jane, embarked on that same voyage on the Huntress, with her younger sister, Mary Ann, arriving in Lyttelton, New Zealand on 21 Apr 1863. 

Records suggest that James and Ellen had at least eight children: 

1. Maria Jane Higgs, bap 10 Aug 1862 at Luxulyan, died, in 1863, in New Zealand at 13 months.
2. Kate Higgs born 12 Jul 1864 in New Zealand
3. Joseph Higgs born 1868
4. James Higgs born 1871
5. Dahlia Higgs born 1873
6. Ellen Olivia Higgs born 1876
7. Emma Jane Higgs born 1878
8. William John Higgs born 1881 (died 30 Mar 1910, aged 28 and is buried at Linwood Cemetery along with his wife, Amelia “Mena” Higgs)

James Higgs died on 17 Apr 1913 and is buried at Linwood Cemetery. In his will, he appointed his sons, Joseph and James, as his executors, both butchers.

Ellen Higgs died on 21 Jul 1929, aged 88, and is also buried at Linwood Cemetery, along with her husband and youngest son.

Kate Higgs married John Philip Queree on 13 Jul 1882. Kate Higgs Queree died on 1 Jul 1924 and is buried at Bromley Cemetery, Bromley, Christchurch City, Canterbury, New Zealand along with her husband.

[So far] I've found no further records for Dahlia, Ellen Olivia or Emma Jane.

John Bawden and Mary Ann Burn Trevail

Roseny Mill
cc-by-sa/2.0 - © Phil Williams - geograph.org.uk/p/195972
An old millstone can be seen on the lawn at left.

Mary Ann Burn Trevail, 2nd daughter of Joseph Trevail and Jane Rundle, married John Bawden (bap. 3 Apr 1837 in Lanlivery), son of John Bawden and Elizabeth Giles (m. 4 Oct 1823 in Lanivet), at Luxulyan Parish Church, on 7 Jan 1861. Mary Ann's elder sister, Ellen Trevail, was bridesmaid at the wedding.

At the time of the 1861 census, newlyweds John (24) and Mary Ann (19) were living in the household of his parents, a miller at Lanlivery. The address in 1851 was given as Rosnea Mill, Lanlivery. Roseney Mill is today used as an AirBnB. 

Then John Bawden Snr died in 1862 and whether that had anything to do with their decision, but on 10 Dec 1862, John Bawden (25), Mary Ann and their infant son, Nicholas (bap. 6 Apr 1862 at Lanlivery), embarked in London aboard the ship, the Huntress. They arrived in Lyttelton, New Zealand on 21 Apr 1863, after what must have been a nightmare journey of 130+ days. 

Between the tactless and unpopular captain, quarrels and firearms being drawn, much discontent about the way victuals were cooked and a terrible cyclone just south of the equator, when passengers were all locked up in their quarters (for their protection, undoubtedly, but equally frightening), when, "The ship reared almost perpendicularly bows or stern up or down, also rolling sideways, and all ways, in a most alarming manner", this was certainly no pleasure cruise.

Travelling with them on the same voyage was Mary Ann's sister, Ellen (22), her husband James Higgs (24) and their infant daughter, Maria Jane. Each couple contributed £17 towards the £26 for the cost of the passage as assisted emigration. £17 in 1862 is worth £2,120 today. A large investment.

On the voyage there were "15 deaths, all children with the exception of one young women aged 17 and a boy belonging to the ship". Nicholas Bawdin (sic), died, aged 16 months, in New Zealand, in 1863. Well, the death was registered in New Zealand, so could he have been one of those grim statistics? 

The Lyttelton portal of the Lyttelton Rail Tunnel with construction workers in 1867

At the end of their arduous journey, John Bawden undertook strenuous, heavy manual work digging the Lyttelton Rail Tunnel - the first tunnel in the world to be taken through the side of an extinct volcano - completed 1867 and, in 1921, John was "one of the last survivors of that little band of tunnel workers."

Although the Trevails were farmers, not miners, reading how Cornish Miners were going to New Zealand for new lives and to work on this project when and because the tin mines closed in Cornwall - and one can imagine much local talk and newspaper coverage of that in Cornwall - probably explains where they will have got the information and ideas to make the decision to emigrate.

John and Mary Ann Bawden had 10 children in total, seven sons and two daughters survived: 

1. Nicholas Bawden bap. 6 Apr 1862 at Lanlivery, Cornwall (died, aged 16 months, in 1863 in New Zealand)
2. Mary Jane Bawden born 1864 in New Zealand
3. John Bawden born 1866 in New Zealand
4. Henry Bawden born 1868 in New Zealand
5. Joseph Bawden born 1869 in New Zealand
6. Alfred Bowden (sic) born 1872 in New Zealand
7. Charles Bowden (sic) born 1874 in New Zealand
8. Samuel Nicholas Bowden (sic) born 1876 in New Zealand
9. Emma Bawden born 1878 in New Zealand
10. William Bowden (sic) born 1883 in New Zealand

Mary Ann Burn Trevail Bawden died on 5 Jan 1921, aged 79-80. Sadly, Mary Ann just missed her diamond wedding anniversary by two days, because the marriage certificate shows that they were married on 7th Jan (not 2nd as it says in the article). Mary Ann is buried at Lyttelton Anglican Cemetery. 

John Bawden died on 14 Aug 1929, aged 91, and is buried with his wife.

The obituary for John Bawden lists their eldest daughter as Mrs M Lewis: Mary Jane Bowden (sic) had married Isaac Lewis in 1894. And their younger daughter as Mrs E Ballard: Emma Bowden (sic) married Walter Charles Ballard in 1906.

Nicholas Rundle Trevail, Ann Bennett, Sophia Jane Olver

The 'Cornish Arms', St. Blazey
cc-by-sa/2.0 - © Dr Neil Clifton - geograph.org.uk/p/1236213

Nicholas Rundle Trevail, son of Joseph Trevail and Jane Rundle, married Ann Bennett, at the Parish Church in Luxulyan, on 22 Oct 1864. Three years later, Ann gave birth to the couple's only child, Ann Bennett Trevail. However, the child was baptised and her mother was buried, on the very same day, 21 Feb 1867, both at Luxulyan. We can probably guess the cause of the mother's death.

From the Royal Cornwall Gazette 21 February 1867, under the Death Notices, TREVAIL-At Rosemelling, Luxulyan, February 19, Ann, the wife of Mr Nicholas Trevail, aged 27.

On 3 Aug 1869, Nicholas Rundle Trevail, widower, at that time, by profession, a butcher, remarried to Sophia Jane Olver, daughter of Joseph Olver and Mary Kingston, at the Church of St. Blaise, St Blazey, Cornwall. Sophia's father was Master Mariner, born in 1816 in Mevagissey and had married Mary Kingston, from Devonport, at St Andrew's Church, Plymouth on 31 Mar 1837.

But Nicholas and Sophia were married for only four months, when Nicholas Rundle Trevail died, on 11 Dec 1869, at St Blazey. He was buried, on 15 Dec 1869, at Luxulyan. The probate record, which granted his effects to Sophia Trevail of the Parish of Mevagissey gave Nicholas' occupation as Innkeeper. 

The Village Shop and Post Office, Luxulyan
cc-by-sa/2.0 - © Tony Atkin - geograph.org.uk/p/565803

In 1871, the four year old orphan, Ann B Trevail was living in the household of William and Tabitha M Carkeek, at High Lanes Cottage, Veryan, Truro, where she was described as their niece. Tabitha Martha Bennett, born 1842, was her mother's younger sister. In 1881, Ann (14) was still living with her aunt and uncle, Tabitha and William Carkeek, now a grocer, at Church Town, Luxulyan. 

In 1891, Ann Trevail (24) had moved to the household of Elizabeth Bennett (44) widow, farmer at Colkerrow, Lanlivery, clearly another relative of her mother's. Living there also were Elizabeth's father, James Rundell (Rundle?) (73).

Sadly, by 1901, A B Trevail (35) single female, Pauper Patient, was an Inmate of the Cornwall County Asylum, later St Lawrence's Mental Hospital. Annie Bennet Trevail died, aged 43, and was buried, in Bodmin, on 4 Sep 1909.

Fore St, Mevagissey
cc-by-sa/2.0 - © N Chadwick - geograph.org.uk/p/5694544

As was hinted on the probate record, Nicholas Rundle Trevail's widow, Sophia Jane, returned to her family in Mevagissey after his death. In 1871, Sophia Jane Trevail (25) was living with her widowed mother, Mary Olver (55), her sister Mary (27) and brother, George (21), in Fore Street, Mevagissey.

By 1891, Sophia (42) was still living with her mother, Mary Olver (75) retired and living off her own means, at Prospect Terrace, Church Street, Mevagissey. 

It was not until 1896, when Sophia Jane Trevail, by then 51, remarried, in St Austell, to Walter Henry Sanders. And in 1901, they were living in Pouddlin Lane, St Austell, where Walter H (60) from Chatham in Kent, was a Grocer. Living with him and Sophia (53), were her mother, Mary Olver (83). 

In 1911, widowed again, Sophia Jane Sanders (66) was a Grocer in her own right, with her niece, Beatrice Mary Olver (19) as a Companion.

Sophia Jane Sanders died, in St Austell, in 1931, aged 85.

Mevagissey Harbour
cc-by-sa/2.0 - © Derek Harper - geograph.org.uk/p/1388980

Joseph Trevail and Jane Rundle and Eliza Roach

Luxulyan Church, dedicated to St Cyriacus & St Julitta
cc-by-sa/2.0 - © Rod Allday - geograph.org.uk/p/2708738

Joseph Trevail married Jane Rundle on 19 Jun 1837, in Luxulyan, Cornwall. The same two surnames in the same small farming community: once again, I'd be more surprised to find no connection between these families. 

Joseph Trevail, baptised 24 Jun 1816, at Luxulyan, was the son of John Trevail and Elizabeth [maiden name unknown]. Jane Rundle, baptised 5 Jan 1818, at Luxulyan, was the daughter of Nicholas Rundle and Mary Ann Burn.

At Tregarden Farm, Luxulyan, in 1841, there were Joseph Trevail (25) Farmer, Jane (20), Nicholas (3), Ellen (1), Charles Trevail (20) and Philip Trevail (40). The 1841 census, annoyingly, doesn't give clues to the relationships between household members, but this latter would be exactly the right age to be the Philip Trevail, father of Jane Trevail, mother of Silvanus Trevail.

Joseph and Jane Trevail had at least 12 children:

1. Nicholas Rundle Trevail bap. 28 Jan 1838 in Luxulyan
2. Ellen Trevail bap. 22 Sep 1839 in Luxulyan 
3. Mary Ann Burn Trevail bap. 29 Dec 1841 in Luxulyan
4. Emma Jane Rundle Trevail bap. 25 Feb 1843 in Luxulyan (nothing further)
5. Elfrida Trevail bap. 4 Feb 1845 in Luxulyan (died 1921, see below)
6. Joseph Rundle Trevail, born 1847, bap. 21 Jun 1847 in Luxulyan
7. Dahlia Trevail born 1849, bap. (as Cordelia) 27 May 1849 
8. Charles Trevail born 1852 (no birth registration nor baptism)
9. Olivia Trevail, born 1854 (per census), bap. 20 May 1855 in Luxulyan
10. Nancy Rundell (sic) Trevail born 1855, bap. 20 May 1855 (disappears)
11. Kate Trevail born 12 Nov 1857, bap. 27 Dec 1857 in Luxulyan
12. Jane Rundle Trevail, born March quarter of 1860, bap. 29 Mar 1862

In 1851, again at Tregarden Farm, Luxulyan, the household comprised: Joseph Trevail (35) Farmer of 118 acres, Jane (34), Nicholas R (13) Farmer's Son, Ellen (11), Mary A (9), Alfreda (6), Joseph (4), Delilah (1), John Couch (17) Farm Servant, William Browne (17) Farm Servant, John Tamblyn (60) Vitenary Sergant (sic) - they mean Veterinary Surgeon LOL - from Broadoak.

Then Jane Trevail died, also in the March quarter of 1860, aged 43.

In 1861, the widowed Joseph Trevail (45), was farming 118 acres at Tregarden Farm, Luxulyan, Nicholas R Trevail (23), Ellen (21), Elfreda (16), Joseph (15), Delcia (sic) (12), Charles (9), Olivia (7), Nancy (5), Kate (3) and Jane R (1).

There are no records for Emma Jane Rundle Trevail, other than the baptism in 1843, so my feeling is that she must not have survived infancy. 

There is a civil registration for Nancy, as well as a baptism and she's on the 1861 census, aged five, but there are no further records: she simply disappears. 

In the last quarter of 1865, Joseph Trevail remarried to Eliza Roach, in Plymouth registration district, and went on to have another two daughters:

1. Hetty Trevail born 23 Apr 1866
2. Emily Trevail born 1868 (died 1893, aged 25)

Then the following item appeared in the London Gazette of 20 Aug 1869: 

"Joseph Trevail, of Tregarden in the Parish of Luxulyan, in the County of Cornwall, Farmer, having been adjudged bankrupt under a Petition for adjudication of Bankruptcy, filed in the County Court of Cornwall, holden at Bodmin on the 14th day of August 1869, is hereby required to surrender himself to John Basset Collins, Registrar of the said Court, at the first meeting of creditors to be held before the said Registrar, on the 4th day of September next, at 10 o'clock in the forenoon precisely, at the said Court."

Lanlivery, St. Brevita's Church
cc-by-sa/2.0 - © Michael Garlick - 
geograph.org.uk/p/6279283

In 1871, Joseph Trevail (55) was living at Redmoor, Lanlivery with new wife Eliza (45), Kitty (assume they mean Hetty) (4) and Emily (2), as well as Charlotte Ann Roach (12), listed as Daughter-in-law, but I imagine they mean Step-daughter.

In 1881, still at Redmoor, Lanlivery, were Joseph Trevail (65) Butcher & farmer of 2½ acres, Eliza (56), Hetty (14), Emily (13). 

Joseph Trevail died, aged 75, on 1 Apr 1891. He is buried at Lanlivery Parish Church and, having found these details in a record set called "Cornwall Memorial Inscriptions", we can probably assume that there may be a headstone there.

In 1891, Eliza Trevail (66) widow, farmer was still at Redmoor, Lanlivery, with her daughters Hetty (24) and Emily (22).

Emily Trevail died on 24 Oct 1893, aged 25 and is buried at the parish church in Lanlivery. Again, these details are from "Cornwall Memorial Inscriptions".

In 1901, Eliza Trevail (76) widow, living on own means, alone at Churchtown, Lanlivery Rural, Bodmin. Eliza died on 26 Nov 1904, aged 80 and is also buried at Lanlivery parish church, according to the "Cornwall Memorial Inscriptions".

By 1871, Elfrida Trevail (26) was a Pauper Patient at the infamous Lunatic Asylum, Bodmin (later St Lawrence's Mental Hospital). She was still there, aged 57, in 1901 and again in 1911, aged 67. After 50+ years in that institution, Elfrida died, aged 77, and was buried in Bodmin on 12 Dec 1921.

Silvanus Trevail Architect and Mayor of Truro

Truro : Lemon Street
cc-by-sa/2.0 - © Lewis Clarke - geograph.org.uk/p/4611928

Silvanus Trevail, architect (1851–1903)

The phrase, "going Bodmin" refers to the Cornwall County Asylum (or Bodmin County Lunatic Asylum) opened in Westheath Avenue, Bodmin in 1815, much of which is still in existence, although it has now been turned into housing. The phrase, "gone" or "going Bodmin", relates to this and actually means, "going mad" or "simple". Indeed, if you describe someone as being, "a bit Bodmin", you are saying that they are not in full control of their mental faculty!

Later becoming St Lawrence's Hospital, Bodmin, when it was extended, "a completely new building to stand to the west of the first was designed in 1901 by Silvanus Trevail (1851–1903), one of Cornwall's best-known architects." It is an unfortunate association, given his history. 

Silvanus Trevail was born in Oct-Nov 1851 to John and Jane Trevail at Carne Farm, Luxulyan, Cornwall. His birth registration shows that his mother's maiden name was also Trevail and, indeed, there is a record that suggests that John Trevail had married Jane Trevail, also in that same quarter of 1851. 

John Trevail, born 1821, was the son of Charles Trevail and Ann Key of Higher Menadew Farm, Luxulyan. Jane Trevail, born 1822, was the daughter of Philip Trevail and Elizabeth Church, also of Luxulyan. Sadly, records prior to this get a bit too woolly to be able to tell where they connect, but in such a small farming community, I'd be much more surprised if they were not all related.

It also hasn't been possible to tell exactly how Silvanus Trevail was related to the rest of the Trevail and Rundle clan of Luxulyan, into which one of my blood relatives, my 1st cousin 3 times removed, Alice Maud Stanley Blazey, married, but as I've said, with the same two surnames in the same small farming community, once again, I'd be more surprised to find no connection. 

In 1861, we find Silvanus Trevail (9) at Carne Farm with his parents and younger sister, Laura (2), who was born 26 Dec 1858. He's still there at 19, with his parents, sister Laura (12) and his maternal grandmother, Elizabeth (71) in 1871. Silvanus and Laura appear to be their only children. Laura remained at home in 1881 and 1891, not marrying until her late 30's in 1897 to Richard Rundle, born in Broadoak. The couple adopted a daughter, Mary Adelaide, born 1899.

Meanwhile, Silvanus Trevail, rose to become Mayor of Truro and President of the Society of Architects, and famous for his radical reforming politics as much as for his architecture: most of Trevail's legacy can be found in Truro city centre. 

In 1891 and 1901, Trevail was residing in fashionable Lemon Street, Truro. 

His success however, did not bring him happiness. Trevail suffered from depression and had been unwell for some time. On 7 Nov 1903, he shot himself in the lavatory of a train. The Probate record shows that he left £8,738 13s 6d (£1,089,855 in 2021) to his sister, Laura Rundle, wife of Richard Rundle.

Silvanus Trevail is buried at St Cyriacus and St Julitta churchyard, Luxulyan

The east window at Luxulyan Church is a monument to Silvanus Trevail, erected by his sister Laura Rundle. Details of the dedication and photos here.

Luxulyan churchyard
cc-by-sa/2.0 - © Phil Williams - geograph.org.uk/p/196433
The finely carved cross marks the grave of John Trevail of Carne, Silvanus Trevail's father.